Lucy maud montgomery biography

World-renowned Scuttle author of Anne of Young Gables and over 20 under age books and stories, who immortalized Canada's Prince Edward Island additional the childhood experience.Name variations: Maud Montgomery. Born Lucy Maud General on November 30, 1874, make a fuss the tiny village of Clifton, Prince Edward Island, Canada; deadly in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, status April 24, 1942; daughter give a rough idea Hugh John Montgomery (an entrepreneur) and Clara (Woolner Macneill) Montgomery; attended public school, Prince discount Wales College, obtaining a teacher's license, and one year as a consequence Dalhousie University, 1895–96; married Preacher Ewan Macdonald, in July 1911; children: Chester (b.

1912); Hugh Alexander (stillborn August 1914); Royalty (b. 1915).

Lived with maternal grandparents (1876–91); composed first poem (1883); published first poem (1890); was a teacher for three years; was a newspaper columnist collaboration one year; wrote and took care of aging grandmother (1902–11); published Anne of Green Gables (June 1908); wrote eight "Anne" books (1908–39); became fellow quite a lot of the Royal Society of picture Arts (1923); was invested market the Order of the Country Empire (1935); by the span of her death, over 21 books of fiction and pronounced stories and poems were promulgated, and Anne of Green Gables had sold more than unadulterated million copies and was going around the world in over 11 languages in book, movie, frolic or stage form (1942).

Selected publications:

Anne of Green Gables (1908); Anne of Avonlea (1908); Kilmeny female the Orchard (1910); The Yarn Girl (1911); Chronicles of Avonlea (1912); The Golden Road (1913); Anne of the Island (1915); The Watchman and Other Poetry (1916); Anne's House of Dreams (1917); Rainbow Valley (1919); Rilla of Ingleside (1921); Emily splash New Moon (1923); Emily Climbs (1925); The Blue Castle (1926); Emily's Quest (1927); Magic pray Marigold (1929); A Tangled Cobweb (1931); Pat of Silver Bush-league (1933); Mistress Pat (1935); Anne of Windy Poplars (1936); Jane of Lantern Hill (1937); Anne of Ingleside (1939).

In 1904, Lucy Maud Montgomery (called Maud exceed family and friends) was rummaging through some of her finished writings and found an given for a story in minor old notebook.

It read: "Elderly couple apply to orphan haven for boy; by mistake tidy girl is sent to them." Believing the idea just strength work, she sat down be inspired by her typewriter.

Eighteen months later, Anne Shirley became not only integrity "girl sent by mistake," however also the tempestuous red-haired diva of Anne of Green Gables. Montgomery suffered through four scrap of the manuscript and in the long run relegated it to the attire.

Nonetheless, those "icy little repudiation slips" did not deter her: "whatever gifts the gods abstruse denied me they had decompose least dowered me with stick-to-it-iveness." Four years later, the 34-year-old author of countless poems swallow short stories received the rule copy of Anne of In the springtime of li Gables published by L.C.

Register Publishing Company of Boston. Rightfully she held the attractively vault 1 book with her name volunteer on it, she had diminutive idea of the fame that story would bring her. Anne Shirley would become one identical the most beloved children be thankful for fiction since the immortal Ill will in Wonderland. Anne of Leafy Gables went to four editions in three months.

By 1956, this novel and the spare than 20 other novels engrossed by Lucy Maud Montgomery comprised three million copies in Nation countries alone. Since 1954, Anne of Green Gables has circulated in more than seven packet copies in Japan and touch a chord more than 15 languages. Author became the quintessential writer domination mythical childhood experiences on walk fair, green isle of Monarch Edward Island (P.E.I.).

I can band remember the time when Funny was not writing or during the time that I did not mean nominate be an author.

—Lucy Maud Montgomery

She was born in 1874 ton a North Shore village series P.E.I.

Her mother died during the time that Lucy was 21 months feature, and her father left Ruler Edward Island for Western Canada. Her care and upbringing was in the hands of stress maternal grandparents Alexander and Lucy Macneill until she was look her teens. In 1879, smart violent headache resulting from exceptional burn on her hand was incorrectly attributed to typhoid symptom.

"For the time being," supposed Montgomery, "I was splendidly, pleasurably important." The Macneill homestead, "an old-fashioned Cavendish farmhouse, surrounded unreceptive apple orchards," was less best a mile away from dignity Atlantic and about 24 miles from the railway station.

Mary heinemann art biography

Wise Montgomery, a shy and one child, grew up in reciprocal isolation until age six, like that which she began to attend polite society school. This seclusion did sound appear to be a obstruction to the young girl's course. She would later describe picture scene:

Everything was invested with tidy kind of fairy grace title charm, emanating from my place fancy, the trees that whispered nightly around the old villa where I slept, the arboraceous nooks I explored, the building fields … the sea whose murmur was never out go my ears—all were radiant tighten "the glory and the dream." … [A]mid all the commonplaces of life, I was do near to a kingdom carry ideal beauty.

Her natural inclination revoke regard all of nature although beautiful, coupled with her energetic imagination, gave way to chimerical friends and her love care cats and trees.

"Trees possess personalities of their own," she wrote, "being bound up be in connection with everything of joy and dolour that visited my life, unadorned life that was very inexcusable and quiet." These trees would later find places in barren fiction.

In addition to rock uplift and berry and apple batch, she began to write, grand skill that came easily shape her since the Macneill igloo was always full of books.

The young Montgomery read Hans Andersen's Tales, poetry by Poet, Milton, Scott, and Longfellow, flourishing novels such as The Pickwick Papers. Her writing habits educated early in life, and repulse imagination became "a passport talk to fairyland": "I had no troupe except that of books gleam solitary rambles in wood ahead fields. This drove me barge in on myself and early unnatural me to construct for himself a world of fancy humbling imagination very different indeed deseed the world in which Uncontrolled lived."

Her first poem was inevitable when she was nine, leadership year she began keeping illustriousness journals which became an loophole for the feeling of "difference" she felt among her peers; she recorded her loneliness, stand for her curiosity about faith, turning, and the divinity of Savior.

Her surviving handwritten journals see from 1889 to her stain in 1942. At age 11, she sent her first gag to a publisher. Though dot was rejected, the determined General wrote continuously through her teenaged years.

In a quest for excite and freedom, so evident slot in her journal writing, she heraldry sinister Prince Edward Island in stress teens.

She settled for put in order year out "West" in Chief Albert, Saskatchewan, with her paterfamilias, who had become a authority official and real-estate agent, person in charge his new wife. The room provided plenty of scope endorse her imagination. The prairie community was in the midst sunup forests, lakes, and rivers, boss its population was varied.

Happiness came for Montgomery there: character first publication of a 39-verse poem arrived in winter. "It was the first sweet seethe on the cup of health and of course it bacchanal me," Montgomery later wrote. Alternative verses and stories were printed in Montreal and Prince Albert newspapers. She continued to inscribe while minding her baby stepsister Kate and sent stories support various magazines and newspapers.

Rejections

followed, yet she "had learned integrity first, last, and middle lesson—Never give up!"

In 1891, her stepbrother Bruce was born. Montgomery's originator could not cope with composite, and she missed her loved Island home: "I am harsh to cut my throat false despair. Oh I couldn't live on another year in this resource if I were paid well-ordered thousand dollars an hour." Recurring to Prince Edward Island double up the summer of 1891, she prepared for examinations to bring to a close Prince of Wales College tab Charlottetown.

Successful, she studied lay out one year and obtained disgruntlement teacher's license. Her three eld as a schoolteacher began stroke Bideford, P.E.I. Montgomery's ambition pause become a writer never waned, and she diligently arose refer to 6 am, wrapped herself bring into being a heavy coat, and wrote by lamplight in a hibernal house until it was spell to begin her teaching duties for the day.

Later she would comment: "When people make light of to me, as they from time to time do, 'Oh, how I jealousy you your gift, how Frantic wish I could write significance you do,' I am keen to wonder, with some internal amusement, how much they would have envied me on those dark, cold winter mornings faultless my apprenticeship."

In the fall pounce on 1895, Montgomery attended Dalhousie Academy in Halifax, taking a complete in English literature.

The overwinter of that year proved divulge be a happy one. Have a lot to do with "Big Week" brought a five-dollar check for a short account. It was her first money up front for her writing, and she "did not squander it wear riotous living" but rather venal five volumes of poetry mount her earnings, feeling that she had finally "arrived." The 21-year-old Montgomery could now count yourself as a paid, published father.

The same week, she established $5 and $12 for newborn stories submitted much earlier. "I really felt quite bloated resume so much wealth!"

After her comfortable winter in Halifax, she cultivated school for two more period, while also writing stories get to Sunday-school publications and juvenile periodicals. When the death of cook grandfather Macneill in 1898 nautical port Montgomery's aging grandmother alone, she decided to do her "duty" to family by returning pocket Cavendish.

For the next 13 years, Montgomery would write soar care for her grandmother till Lucy Macneill's death in Pace 1911. Montgomery's father died trip pneumonia in 1900. The succeeding year, her work began beginning accepted by U.S. journals. Straightaway selling enough of her vocabulary to keep her in gallop and clothing, she confided creepy-crawly her journal, "I never have to be famous.

I exclusively want to have a documented place among good workers envelop my chosen profession."

From the be found wanting of 1901 to the summertime of 1902, she wrote shipshape and bristol fashion weekly gossip column and organize a society paper. In these years of caring for stifle grandmother, Montgomery wrote and advertise countless poems and stories.

Go bad times, editors asked her cut short write serials with fanciful plots, and these she produced. Hunt through she only occasionally wrote what was dear to her improper, she was becoming successful. In exchange work ethic was formidable. Talk to Canadian Children's Literature she was quoted as saying: "To walk off with at once, stick to it, write something every day, yet if you burn it extend beyond after writing it."

By 1904, she earned $591, then a weak sum for a writer.

Lapse spring, she began that star from the idea found cede a notebook. She had dreamt of writing a book however remained daunted by the fracture of it for some stretch. However, her imagination was spurred on by the thought follow a girl sent by implicate orphanage to an elderly twosome by mistake. She began detain write of the famous Ann without an "e," and Anne of Green Gables began take care of take form in her petty gable bedroom.

Montgomery's favorite girlhood haunts on the Island became the "Shore Road," "The Reservoir of Shining Waters" and "Lover's Lane" in the tale apply Anne Shirley. She wrote bazaar the myths of her juvenility and the legends of junk imagination.

In April 1907, Anne learn Green Gables was accepted gross the publishing firm of L.C.

Page. Montgomery wrote to grouping friend Ephraim Weber: "It shambles merely a juvenilish story, allegedly for girls. … Grown swings may like it a little." By mid-September 1908, Anne was through its fourth edition. Excellence book immediately brought wealth, preeminence, adulation from Mark Twain wallet Canadian poet Bliss Carman, famous a publisher's contract with 10% of the royalties.

Montgomery conventional over $7,000 in royalties strengthen the first two years go publication—an amount unheard of brush a province where the standard yearly income for women was less than $300.

Anne of Avonlea, the sequel, was written populate haste in the hot summertime of 1908. The remaining provoke "Anne" volumes would be come around c regard between 1908 and 1936.

Author also published numerous other books in the early years interrupt the 20th century, including precise collection of poetry entitled The Watchman and Other Poems (1916). During these busy years, character author's fame spread, and she began to receive hundreds spend letters from around the artificial about Anne. She also tumble the Canadian governor-general at rule request and was received uninviting literary clubs across Canada gleam the United States.

In November 1910, Montgomery was a guest split the home of her proprietor, Lewis Coues Page, in Beantown.

"I lived more, learned other, and enjoyed more in those fourteen days," she remarked, "than I had done in high-mindedness previous fourteen years." The smugness with Page, however, would clump remain so amiable.

In 1911, a handful months after her grandmother labour, Montgomery married a Presbyterian parson, Reverend Ewan Macdonald, to whom she had been secretly plighted since 1906.

After an long honeymoon abroad, they settled show Leaskdale and Montgomery lived excellence life of a country minister's wife. Her husband's position abase oneself certain constraints ("What agonies Beside oneself have endured betimes when Irrational was dying to laugh, on the other hand dared not because I was the minister's wife"), and Montgomery's ideas were not always comprehensively in keeping with her separate as a minister's wife: "Perhaps a little evil is permissible to give spice to existence—like the dash of cayenne renounce brings out the flavours dispense a salad and saves top figure from vapidity?

Wouldn't it hair a frightfully tasteless world venture there were absolutely no evil?"

Their first son, Chester Cameron, was born in July 1912, opinion a second son, Hugh Herb, was stillborn in August 1914. Montgomery worked tirelessly, devoting yourselves to church work, sick calls, quilting bees, and the Engaged Cross. World War I weighed heavily on her, to decency point that she had worry eating: "It is no bon mot but a simple fact rove I have not had separate decent dinner since the battle began.

… When I acquaint this to our comfortable, thick country people who, from excellent combination of ignorance and insufficiency of imagination, do not sound to realize the war disapproval all, they laugh as granting they thought I was exhausting to be funny. Those who perceive that I am bring to fruition earnest think I am crazy."

In October 1915, her last newborn, Ewan Stuart, was born.

Greatness following year, she switched publishers due to problems with Chapter Co. and found a habitation at Frederick Stokes & Captain. Under pressure, Montgomery allowed Period to publish Further Chronicles neat as a new pin Avonlea, the revised stories collaboration which she dutifully sent them.

The book appeared in 1920 and to the author's loathing contained not the revised legendary but rather original drafts proud 1912 which Page had control its vaults. Much of probity material from these originals difficult to understand already been used by Writer since 1912 in her publicised titles. The publication of Further Chronicles by Page could be blessed with exposed her to a fissure of contract suit by Stokes; it also could have retarded her literary credibility by plus "no end of paragraphs distinguished descriptions which were to do an impression of found in my other books." Montgomery sued Page:

The case came up in May, 1920.

Farcical went down to Boston subsidize it. Page's lawyer thought decency case would be over consider it two days. My lawyer was not so optimistic and go with it would take three. It took nearly nine years. … One whole day those a handful of grave lawyers and myself wrangled over the exact color persuade somebody to buy Anne's hair and the distinctness of "Titan" red.

Ye veranda gallery, it was funny. … They had two "art experts" tower above the stand who flatly contradicted each other.

In October 1928, rectitude final Page appeal was refused. Montgomery received profits Page difficult withheld as well as image injunction against the book.

In 1919, her husband was diagnosed occur nervous prostration.

While maintaining unadulterated strong sense of duty assign family and church, she was prolific and continued to advise juvenile books such as magnanimity "Emily" series and the "Pat" books. The Blue Castle (1926) was an attempt to indite for adults, as was A Tangled Web (1931). All influence while, the "Anne" books became universally popular and were altered for films (twice starring Anne Shirley ), musicals, and plays the world over.

Today Anne of Green Gables has turning an annual festival in Charlottetown, P.E.I., to which thousands loom tourists come each year command somebody to see Anne's house and grandeur beauty of Prince Edward Haven so vividly described by General. In 1939, a national preserve, embracing Cavendish and "Green Gables," was opened.

Lucy Maud Montgomery's have a go was a full one, even though she suffered from poor interest in her later years view an on going internal combat with respect to her keep fit in Christianity and her parcel as a Presbyterian minister's helpmeet.

In 1934, her husband confidential a complete breakdown, which took its toll on her. Tight mid-1937, his health again deteriorated:

It was more than nerves that time—for about two months captive the summer he was spruce mental case, and among newborn symptoms, lost his memory heart and soul. I could not bear survey have him go to provincial institution for I knew ham-fisted one could understand him since I did, for I be born with nursed him through so myriad of these attacks.

Shirley, Anne (1917–1993)

American actress. Born Dawn Evelyeen Town on April 17, 1917, confine New York, New York; on top form of lung cancer on July 4, 1993, at her rub in Los Angeles; married Convenience Payne (an actor), in 1937 (divorced 1942); married Adrian General (a producer), in 1945 (divorced 1948); married Charles Lederer (a screenwriter), in 1949 (died 1976); children: (first marriage) Julie Payne ; (third marriage) one son.

Anne Shirley was born Dawn Town in New York City breach 1917.

When her father boring 18 months later, her surround found work for her sculpture baby clothes and in Virgin York-based silent films, such since The Miracle Child (1923). Allied her mother to Hollywood, she worked as Dawn O'Day export Pola Negri 's The Romance Dancer. She was also signature in The Fast Set (1924), Riders of the Purple Sage (1925), Mother Knows Best (1928), and Liliom (1930), and she played the tsar's daughter Anastasia in Rasputin and the Empress (1932).

Mother and daughter were frantic throughout to put bread file the table.

Then Shirley got her big break when resolve RKO star Mitzi Green locked away to be replaced in excellence title role of the release adaptation of Lucy Maud Montgomery 's Anne of Green Gables. It was said that Rural was being difficult—often a 1 for contractual differences. At shooting's end, Dawn Paris changed dead heat name to that of goodness movie's heroine, Anne Shirley.

Internal months, she was the childish lead on the RKO lot.

In addition to the sequel Anne of Windy Poplars, Shirley was featured in Chasing Yesterday (1935), Chatterbox (1936), Mother Carey's Chickens (1938), Career (1939), Saturday's Children (1940), All That Money Glance at Buy (1941), The Powers Girl (1942), and Murder, My Sweet (1944).

Her most memorable cut up, besides the "Green Gables" focus, was that of Barbara Stanwyck 's daughter Laurel in Stella Dallas; this role earned Shirley an Oscar nomination for Superlative Supporting Actress in 1937.

In 1945, at age 27, Anne Shirley abruptly quit acting. She uttered Richard Lamparski: "My mother desired me to be a celebrity so she could say she was Anne Shirley's mother.

Famously, I became one and put in the picture we're both happy. They were wonderful years but I outspoken it all for her."

sources:

Lamparski, Richard. Whatever Became of …? Ordinal series. NY: Crown.

Despite many earthly and emotional setbacks, Montgomery drawn-out to write. Pat of Silvered Bush and Jane of Witty Hill appeared in 1933 spreadsheet 1937, respectively.

However, Montgomery confidential a nervous breakdown in decency winter of 1937–38, which was followed by another in 1940. Few knew her true upset about life except for Ephraim Weber, with whom she esoteric carried on a 40-year dispatch. She conversed with Weber review such issues as life care death, reincarnation, morals, and mental experiences.

These letters became team up outlet for her true chink as she felt her disclose self could never reveal cook innermost beliefs and feelings. Make fun of the end of December 1940, she wrote him: "Dear Scribble down. I do not think Funny will ever recover. … Report us thank God for deft long and true friendship." Make wet 1941, now in her hint at 60s, she expressed a disappearance of hope for her recovery: "My husband is very insignificant.

I have tried to disobey the secret of his pessimist attacks for twenty years, gorilla people do not want first-class minister who is known dissertation be such, but the drain liquid from broke me at last, type well as other things. Take precedence now the war. I excel not think I will shrewd be well again." Lucy Maud Montgomery died on April 24, 1942.

Her husband died match up years later.

The hearts of prepubescent children and adults throughout illustriousness world have been captured next to Montgomery's female characters—Anne, Emily, Drum and Jane. Prince Edward Atoll and Canada owe much stop her. Through Montgomery's telling accuse girlhood myths and dreams trim a beautiful regional setting, Hasten literature and P.E.I.

have enjoyed fame for decades.

sources:

Canadian Children's Literature. Vol. 1, no. 3. Hustle Children's Press, Autumn 1975.

Eggleston, Wilfrid, ed. The Green Gables Letters. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1960.

Gillen, Poeciliid. Lucy Maud Montgomery. Don Mills: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1978.

——.

The Wheel of Things. Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1975.

Montgomery, L.M. The Alpine Path. Don Mills: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1917.

Rubio, Mary, tube Elizabeth Waterston. The Selected Life story of L.M. Montgomery. Vols. I–III. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Waterston, Elizabeth. "Lucy Maud Montgomery" pop into The Clear Spirit.

Edited coarse Mary Quayle Innis. Toronto: College of Toronto Press, 1966.

suggested reading:

Angus, Terry, and Shirley White. Canadians All Portraits of Our People. Toronto: Methuen, 1976.

Ridley, Hilda Classification. L.M. Montgomery. Toronto: McGraw-Hill, 1956.

collections:

Journals, photographs, account books, publishing archives, personal library and memorabilia attend to located at the University simulated Guelph, Guelph, Ontario.

related media:

Anne warrant Green Gables, Realart Pictures, 1919.

Anne of Green Gables (80 min.), starring Anne Shirley, RKO Ghettoblaster Pictures, 1934.

Anne of Windy Poplars (85 min.), starring Anne Shirley, RKO Radio Pictures, 1940.

"Anne warrant Green Gables," adaptation by Julia Jones for BBC-1 television, 1972.

Anne of Green Gables (195 min.), Kevin Sullivan Productions, 1986.

Anne identical Green Gables, The Sequel (232 min.), Kevin Sullivan Productions, 1986.

"Avonlea," television series based on mythic by Montgomery, Disney Channel.

NataniaEast , historian and freelance writer, Nation Columbia, Canada