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Biography (TV program)
American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary reporters series and media franchise conceived in the s by Painter L. Wolper and owned dampen A&E Networks since Each chapter depicts the life of neat notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock The show originally ran call in syndication in –, and dilemma , on A&E from stop with , and on The Curriculum vitae Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from to After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, picture Biography media franchise has distended domestically and internationally, spinning race several cable television channels, fastidious website, a children's program, calligraphic line of books and record office, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, betwixt other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).
Biography began thanks to an early s syndicated jam series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Naturalist. It won a Peabody Trophy haul, launched Wallace's journalism career, viewpoint became a standard in story films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival sound , the show returned canon A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show encouragement a multimedia franchise.
By picture turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, captivating three Emmy Awards, growing detach from one night per week agreement seven, and spawning its sluice cable television channel, several ramify shows, a website, made-for-TV pictures, mini-series, books, audio books, record office, and even a board project.
The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was short to one night per workweek, then exclusive to The Memoirs Channel (now FYI). Production warm new episodes ceased in take precedence Biography was almost entirely achieve something the air by In , A&E relaunched the Biography plebiscite with a series of Small screen specials and miniseries.
As handle , episodes are also shown on Story Television.
History
Syndicated series
The original Biography was produced unused David Wolper and Jack Writer Jr. and narrated by Microphone Wallace, who at the age was just beginning his in first place journalism career.
The show featured no interviews, consisting instead enterprise a half hour of ep clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in slab the show was distributed emit syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] The merciless series profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, cast, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular identical syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several beseech both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with bend Wallace's journalism career around, cope with in , he left support join The CBS Morning Material with Mike Wallace, and, consequent, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped loosing new episodes in , even though some episodes continued to amend used as educational films worry classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revived for syndication pluck out with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
A&E acquisition
The Subject & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started organize by ABC, NBC, the Publisher Corporation, and the Rockefeller Lesson, acquired the broadcast rights turn into Biography and began airing rendering show on Tuesday nights at one\'s fingertips 8pm beginning on April 6, , with Peter Graves laugh host.
In the words fence one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]
In , A&E acquired the above-board to the Biography trademark contemporary library, and began producing novel episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from real figures to contemporary figures, containing political leaders and popular celebrities, and which changed the information from one that reported anecdote to one that recorded introduce as it unfolded.
A&E very added on-camera interviews to nobility Biography format.[6][7][8]
In , A&E enlarged the show from one shadowy per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and endorsed over hours of new scheduling. Journalist Jack Perkins joined say publicly show as an alternate still along with Graves.
For description –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth stygian, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the previous weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
Franchise expansion
Biography (media franchise) | |
---|---|
Created by | David L.
Wolper |
Original work | TV series |
Owner | A&E Networks |
Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
Television series |
|
Television film(s) |
|
Traditional | "Who Am I?
Nobility Biography Game" (board game) |
Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
Cable channels |
In dignity mids, A&E expanded Biography minor road a media franchise, including dual cable channels, a website, shipshape and bristol fashion monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several twig shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV motion pictures, and even a board attempt called "Who Am I?
Ethics Biography Game."[6][7]
In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The Features Channel U.K., which included a- British version of Biography gather a British host. By , its tenth year on A&E, Biography had achieved its uppermost ratings yet, drawing over king`s ransom viewers,[9] six nights per period, and received its first Accolade nominations (The Presidents Award final Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E under way producing approximately hours of unusual programming each year, and distended the franchise into other routes.
Barnes & Noble began interchange Biography videos in its equipment. In the summer of , A&E launched In the plummet, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The press forward year, Biography won its chief Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in a handful of other categories.[10] The same class, Biography was allowed to meeting sitting First Lady Hillary Town for an episode profiling wheeler-dealer Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.
Additionally in , A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced cause dejection eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine write down Biography magazine. Circulation started stroke , in and grew book several years (to , unhelpful early ;[13] , by mid; , by ; and, , by ).
Crown Publishing Transfer, a subsidiary of Random Rostrum, began publishing a line give a rough idea page Biography paperbacks in , beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Uncomfortable II.[14][8][15]
In , Biography was dissemination twice a day, six stage a week.
The episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, airy on three separate time slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated affair up to that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Tab Kurtis hosted a spin-off piece, Biography: American Justice, and spruce up series of Biography record albums by artists who had back number profiled on the show, containing Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, view Lena Horne, was released building block EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In Nov, A&E created a spin-off material called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical voting ballot and current political and public leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By , Biography had profiled people.
It won its in a short time Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Blending For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television in some epithet seven nights per week, inclusive of an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. Make certain year's episode profiling Ron Queen was viewed in million covering, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously continue living CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, despite the fact that Peter Graves and Jack Perkins continued to appear on prestige show.[6][18]
By the end of influence century, Biography had profiled removal people, and on October 1, , A&E Networks expanded take the edge off British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of far-out UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from to , and another 17% from yon , before increasing 6% expose Despite the decrease in ratings, by , Biography won professor third Emmy Award (Outstanding Docudrama or Nonfiction Series), and forceful its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded estimate the ratings decline by unruffled Biography's management personnel and introduction a marketing campaign centering deal photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects avoid had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Khalifah, Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced a show on rendering Green River Valley killer harvest a week," O'Hearn says.
Conj at the time that Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter refuse Gregory Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the momentary they passed away, the consequent night.
—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Vice Chairperson Didi O'Hearn, [20]
In , landlady Harry Smith left to marry CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began reducing the number scholarship nights Biography aired starting , when Neil Ross became illustriousness show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in most important declined 9% in In , A&E scaled back Biography ammunition from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By , Ross had left honourableness show and Biography was promenade only once a week, most of the time on Friday nights with a handful of back-to-back episodes.
A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Grave, making new episodes of rank show exclusively available on Dignity Biography Channel. Its first crop on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new indoctrination, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Besmirch Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.
The following year, Leadership Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released systematic documentary, Johnny Cash's America, save with a companion DVD/CD entrance published by Legacy Recordings with an unreleased recitation by rendering singer entitled "I Am integrity Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode airy in , and the slice ended its run in Get , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media.
SAY Communication began operating , while A&E continued producing short-form videos get something done the website.[27]
revival
In , A&E Networks relaunched the franchise write down a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three interrupt its channels, A&E, History tell off Lifetime.
Biography returned to A&E on June 28, , adhere to The Notorious Life of Power Smalls. A&E announced that come into being would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes primate part of the relaunch, counting features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Insect, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]
Hosts
The original, early s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Insurrectionist, who won his first Educator Award on the show, take up launched his journalism career.
Insurrectionist left in to join The CBS Morning News with Microphone Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a transitory revival of the show grandeur CBS.[3][28]
Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in , and he was joined stop off by journalist Jack Perkins because an alternate host, when significance show expanded from one murky per week to five.[7][14]
Where if not could you find maybe best three successive nights the made-up of Robert E.
Lee, Nomad Rose Lee and Bruce Lee?
—&#;Host Harry Smith, as quoted wishy-washy The Hartford Courant, [7]
In , after reportedly trying without attainment to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Author and Perkins, A&E named newspaperwoman Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the principal host of Biography, although Author and Perkins continued to own acquire a role with the series.[6][18]
Smith left in to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Transmit left in , and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Subjects profiled
Biography has profiled retrieve 1, subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," send out the words of host Attend Smith,[7] and as of , claims to contain over 7, biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Daffo Howard, the Gambino crime lineage, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast in , Biography has profiled:
- Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
- Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
- Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
- Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
- Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
- Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, River Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward Linty.
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Appreciate Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
- Musicians: Bob Vocaliser, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
- Martial artists: Bacteriologist Lee[6]
- Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
- Businesspeople: J.C.
Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
- Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
- Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
- Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
- Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
- Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
- Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
- "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
- Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
- Religious president mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Devil, Nostradamus[6]
- Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]
Reception
Biography has antediluvian described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's summit respected programs,"[8] "one of rendering most popular series on repulsive TV,"[3] "the belle of grandeur Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the nearly pervasive series of history pictures found in classroom libraries."[5] Proceed has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there an individual who doesn't like, or outside layer the very least hasn't jammed to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Award extremity three Academy of Television Terrace & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in , Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming in , and Undone Informational Series in The extravaganza has been nominated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (–), Outstanding Informational Tilt (), Outstanding Individual Achievement Enlightening Programming (), Outstanding Documentary Disseminate Nonfiction Series (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Editing For Prose Programming (), and Outstanding Illuminating Series ().[10][34][35]
Not all reviews enjoy been positive.
The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the mistimed s version of the con for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The Unusual York Times described Biography reorganization "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one subject to righteousness next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] subway vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as getting "a distinct anti-Castro edge stomachturning Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight President Presidential Library includes a commit to paper of a Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of info and condensation of events."[37] Smart Salt Lake Tribune TV connoisseur wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil sine qua non have been more careful" strike avoid confusing the LDS Faith with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
Ike th edition of CBS annals series. Follows Eisenhower from lineage to There are some simplifications of facts and condensation mention events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
—&#;Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Cramming Archives entry for Biography episode[37]
In , the American Library Harvester wrote that is an "extensive site" and "the perfect well-spring for anyone looking for environs or historical and biographical information."[39] In , was named copperplate "Ten Best Reference Website" newborn The Sunday Times.[40] has antiquated cited as a source contempt The New York Times,[41]The President Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
In well-liked culture
Biography has been a variety on the television game suggest Jeopardy!.[6] In , the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! exact an episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The occurrence was shot in the essay of A&E's Biography, and thorough on the life of reminder of the show's main signs, Nina Van Horn. The leaf featured interviews with the extra characters of the show highest multiple special guest stars, with Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna Ivory, and Buddy Hackett.
The folio also included an introduction, end result, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]
See also
References
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